NC State Standards
- 4.P.2.1: Students know that samples of matter have many observable properties that can be measured. Students know that samples of matter can be described according to the characteristics of the materials they are made from. Students are familiar with, and can test for the following properties: strength, hardness, flexibility, ability to conduct heat, ability to conduct electricity, ability to be attracted by magnets, reactions to water (dissolve) and heat/fire (melt, evaporate).
- 4.P.2.2: Students know that minerals can be identified by using particular tests. Students know how to perform tests for hardness and streak. Students are able to describe the color, luster, and cleavage of a mineral.
- 4.P.2.3: Students know that rocks are classified as metamorphic, igneous or sedimentary, and that these classifications are based on the processes that created the rock. Igneous rocks are formed from molten rock. Sedimentary rocks are formed from deposited rock particles (sediments) that are then compacted. Igneous and sedimentary rocks can be transformed into metamorphic rocks through the application of heat and pressure over long periods of time.